Chad

FGM/C prevalence varies widely across Chad.  The regions with the highest prevalence are in the south-east:  Salamat (96.1% of women aged 15–49), Sila (93.2%) and Guéra (90%).  The regions with the lowest prevalence are in the north-west:  Lac (0.7%), Kanem (0.7%) and Bourkou/Tibesti (1.8%).  Unusually, women aged 15-49 who live in urban areas are more likely to undergo FGM/C (40.1%) than those who live in rural areas (37.9%).  Prevalence in the capital city of N’Djaména is 37.6% of women aged 15–49.

The prevalence of FGM/C among Muslim women aged 15–49 is 50.4%, compared to 40.1% for Catholics and 14.9% for Protestants.

The ethnic group with the highest prevalence among women aged 15–49 is the Dadajo/Kibet/Mouro, at 92.4%, followed by the Arabe (85.4%) and the Bidio/Migami/Kenga/Dangléat (83%).  The ethnic group with the lowest prevalence is the Marba/Lélé/Mesmé, at 0.4%, followed by the Massa/Mousseye/Mousgoume (2.1%) and the Moundang and Karo/Zimé/Pévé (both 2.4%), although the extremely low sample size for all four of these ethnic groups makes these figures unreliable.

Between 2004 and 2014/15, the overall prevalence for women aged 15-49 fell from 44.9% to 38.4%.  In 2004 it was reported that 34% of women who know about FGM/C believe it is required by their religion; by 2014/15, that figure was 30%.  In 2004, 49.4% of women who know about FGM/C stated that it should continue; by 2014/15, that figure had fallen to 29.1%.